Clinical guidelines typically provide evidence levels based on the study design (Table 1) and reported effectiveness (Table 2).
Stronger recommendations are based on high scientific quality data or, alternatively, on the consensus of experts.
The recommendations of these guidelines are based on the best evidences available. Heterogeneity of the available researches and their low number did not allow to perform a meta-analysis of each item. The following key-words were used: “child”, “Kawasaki disease” or “Kawasaki syndrome”, “coronary arteries aneurysm” and “ectasia”, “echocardiography”, “multi-slide computed tomography”, “angiography”, “intravenous immunoglobulin”, “aspirin”, “corticosteroids”, limiting the search to documents on humans, written in English or Italian. Additionally, further references from the last 8 years were searched, using PubMed and Cochrane databases. Malattia di Kawasaki: Linee Guida italiane. The basic document was the Italian KD Guidelines, published in 2008 (Marchesi A, et al.
The team has been requested to systematically analyze the most recent literature about KD to define the following evidences dealing with etiopathogenesis, definition of clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory, and instrumental tests for diagnosis, efficacy of therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin, efficacy of other therapies in the acute phase of KD. They have been supported by representatives of family associations. Different experts in general pediatric medicine, cardiology, infectious diseases, rheumatology, immuno-allergology, dermatology, radiology, or biologists experts in cell oxidative stress have participated in writing these guidelines.
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